Electrical relay



L. A. MORTIMER.

ELECTRICAL RELAY.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.4,19I9.

1,345,798. 4 Patented uly 6-, 1920.

. /M van for [044/5 14. Maxi/mar LOUIS A. MORTIMER, OF NEW YORK, N. 1.,

COMPANY, INCORPORATED, OF NEW YORK, N. "331,

I YORK.

ASSIGNOR- T VESTERN ELECTRIC A CORPORATION OF NEW ELECTRICAL RELAY.

Specification of Letters Patent.-

latented July {3, 1920.

Application filed December 4, 1919. Serial No. 342,528.

To all whom it may concern:

Be 1t known that l, Louis A. MORTIMER,

a citizen of the United States, residing at New York in the count of New York,

.Relays, oil which the following is a full,

clear, concise, and exact description.

This invention relates in general to electrically operable derices, and more particularly to elcctromagnets, the device hereln described being what is termed a relay.

The principal object of the invention is to provide an improved device, of the character above mentioned, which is compact, positive in its operation, eificientand inexpensive.

This isaccomplished in accordance with this invention, as is hereinafter more particularly described, by using a permanent magnet, preferably of the U type. and an electromagnet located so that one end of its core magnetically contacts at the neutral point of the permanent magnet. Normally the magnet path is through both legs of the permanent magnet. But, when the electromagnet is magnetized by a direct current, the magnetic flux in one of the legs is increased and in the other it is decreased. Consequently, the path of the flux'is then through the core of the electromagnet and through the legs of the permanent magnet. It is upon these changes in the intensity and direction of the magnetic flux that the operation of this relay depends.

With this structure a variety of results are obtained. lVhen direct current, is applied in one direction. an armature will be actuated by one of the poles of the permanent magnet. With a reversal of current another armature will be actuated by the other pole of the permanent magnet. Alternating current will cause both armatures to be actuated.

The preferred form of the invention is shown in the drawing. together with a dia gram of a circuit in which it might be used to advantage.

Between the legs N and S of a U shaped permanent magnet 1 is located an electromagnet, of which 3 (shown in dotted lines) is the soft iron core, and 4 is the winding terminating in wires 5 and 6. The core 3 terminates in a bent flattened piece 7 which is fastened to the permanent magnet 1, by

State of New York, have invented certainv a screw 8. ii fiber disk 2 is provided to protect the winding l. A fiber block 9 is fastened on the core 3 of the electromagnet and fits snu ly between the legs N and S of the permanent magnet to hold the core 3 rigid. Core 3 ends in a flattened portion 10. Siiipporting members 11 and 13 are bolted inst to the flattened portion by means of bolts 12 and 15. Between supporting members l1 and 18 is held a fiber base 22. ll'nder the nut 16 of the bolt 12 is placed a lug 14; which furnishe. a means of grounding, through the wire 42, the supporting members 11 and .18. Spring members and 21 serve as hinge supports for arniatures l7 and 18 respectively. Rivets 19 are used to permanently fasten the spring member 20 to supporting member 13 and to armature 17. Likewise, spring member 21 is permanently fastened by means of rivets 19 to supporting member 11 and armature 18.

Contact members 23 and 24 are fastened to fiber base 22 by means of bolts 25 and 30. Bolt is insulated from contact member 23 by means of insulating washer and sleeve 31. Similarly bolt 25 is insulated from contact member 23 by means of washer and sleeve 28.

In order to provide a means for connecting the contact member 23 and 24- in a circuit. a lug is placed between the insulator 28 contacting with contact member 23, and a lug 27, is placed under the nut 26 of the bolt 25. l

Contact member 23 is provided with a threaded screw having a lock nut 32, passing through contact member 23 and contacting withv armature 17 at a point 36.

Contact member 24: is provided. with a similar contacting screw 35,- having the locknut 84;, which contacts with armature 18 at point 37 Inthe circuit of which this relay forms a mun connected to one of an alternating current source oi which the other side is grounded. The right alternative contacts A, B, and C are connector. to a return ground.

Normal current flows from grounded battery through relay 39, lug 29, contact member 23, screw 38, contact 36, armature *pring 20, su nmrting 1'7, member 13, lug 14 and wire 4.2 con'ipleting the circuit througn ground.

Similarly current flows iirorn grounded' lamp 4U) to ground is .ielo open at the relay armature by the e nation of: relay 3?.

il hcn key 1 is operated, negative current flows through leilt alter: ative contact of key A through the normal contacts of keys l") and over the line 5, through winding 4!: ot the eiectronnignet, energizing the core il, over line (5, through the right normal contacts of keys C and B, through the right alternative contact of key A to ground. The core 3 is energized so that the end 10 becomes a north pole and end 7 a south pole.

The tendency is therefore for leg '3 to be magnetically strengthened and tor the leg N to be weakened. iirmatures 1? and 18 being under the magnetic ii'itluence oi the electromagnet become north poles. Consequently armature 18 is attracted to leg to and arn'lature 1'? is repelled by leg I. lit sullicient current is introduced in the circuit the armature 18 breaks contact with screw at point 37 and. the circuit through which current energizes relay 38, is opened. The circuit through lamp 4 1) is then closed and lamp all) lights giving the desired signal.

Similarly, operating key B produces the The opposite magnetic effect in the relay.

armature 17 is d awn away from screw opening the ontact 86. Relay 39 then re and lanip 41 lights.

ll hen key 0 is operated. the or 1 -ation of the armatures is a combination oi what happened in the two n'eccding cases. But the residual. magnetism oil the legs and. S is great enough to keep both of the armatures 1'? and 18 drawn away tronrthe screws 33 and 135. 130th lanips all) and 4.11 then light in the manner betore shown.

Three signals are thus shown, lamp .111) when negative current 's applied to the relay, lamp it when positive current is similarly applied, a two lamps -10 a rent is applied.

What is claimed is:

1. A relay comprising a U shaped per- .nd the combination oi the ps awnin, nnen .utcinating cuimanent mag an iron core su worted thereby and ending midway between the legs tl erect, a magnetizing coil mounted on said core, a pair of ai'inatures mounted on said. core, one of said armatures extending over one pole oil? the pernuun nt inagi'iet, the other oi said arniatin'es extcrnling over the other pole of the permanent magnet, and a contact member tor :ach oi said arniatures. said (Filth-(It members being supported by he said. core and insulated therefrom and from each other.

2. A relay coin 'nising a U shaped permanent magnet, an iron core inagnetici' lly contacting therewith and supported thereby midway betweeii the thereot, a. maging coil mounted on said core, a. pair oi? tures resiliently mounted on said core, oi said armati'u'es extending over and in front of one pole of said permanent magnet, the other oi said armatures extending ore and in front of the other pole of said. permanent magnet and a contact member for each of said armaturcs, said contact members being supported by the said. core and insulated therefrom and from each other.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 28th day of November A. D., 1919.

LOUIS A. MORTIMER. 

